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Final Exam Review

Team evaluations - under D2L→Content→Project.
Turn in to Project D2L dropbox

To do well on a test:

  • Come prepared (be there early, with pencil and calculator
  • Skim through entire test before starting
  • Do the easy problems first
  • keep track of the time
  • Go for partial credit - don't leave anything blank - if you know it's wrong, explain that you know it is wrong, and write down your thinking process.
  • Show all of your work. 
  • Don't erase your work - just put a single line through it (you might get more partial credit)

  •  Check over your answers, and re-check them. Don't leave early.

    Warning: To prevent cheating, each test will be slightly different, so don't copy what your neighbor is doing!   
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Mathematica -

http://intro1201.blogspot.com/2015/03/computer-tools-for-engrs.html

How to input data:

Function[square bracket, arguments separated with commas]

Sin[2.3]
Plus[2,2] = 2+2
Mean[{30, 34, 29, 15}]

Solve:
use "==" - two equal symbols

Solve[x^2-5x+6==0, x]  (shift + enter)
{{x-2}, {x-3}}

Solve[x^2+x+1==0, x]//N
//N - gives answer in numerical form
{{x-.5-.86i},{x-.5+.86i}}

Solve[a*x^2 + b*x + c==0, x]
x = quadratic formula

Solve system of equations - use {}
Solve[{3 x + 2 y ==15, 3*x - 3*y == 12}, {x, y}]//N


What can you do if there is no analytic solution?  (If Solve does not work?)

Graphing:


Points:
ListLinePlot[{{1,2}, {3, 4}, {5,3}}]

Plot[Sin[x]/x , {x, -9.4, 9.4}]
Plot3D[Sin[x*y], {x, -Sqrt[3*Pi], Sqrt[3*Pi]}, {y, -Sqrt[3*Pi], Sqrt[3*Pi]}]


*** Mathematica "help" resources - 

help - documentation center- 10,000 pages of info on all the functions and examples and tutorials on how to use them


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8 main parts of a computer
http://intro1201.blogspot.com/2015/03/wear-top-10-excel-shortcuts-httpwww.html

If I give you picts of the parts in a computer, can you tell me what it is, and what it does?

Case, motherboard, CPU, vid card, memory, power supply, hard drive, optical drive

Transistors - Can you describe what they are, how they work, and create a truth table for AND, NOR, NOT gates?http://intro1201.blogspot.com/2016/10/transistors.html



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Engineering Ethics -

http://intro1201.blogspot.com/2015/04/engineering-ethics.html


Can you name an engineering disaster, and briefly discuss:

  • What happened
  • Why it happened
  • How it could have been prevented

Knowing "there can never be enough rules to anticipate and cover every situation, and even if there were, enforcement would be impossibly expensive and burdensome.

What is needed to uphold and maintain ethical practices?


Engineer’s Obligation to Society, to their employer, to clients, and to other engineers:
- only approve designs that safeguard life, health, welfare, and property of the public
- if an engineer’s professional judgment is overruled resulting in a safety concern, it is their responsibility to notify employers, clients, authority figures, the public, and all involved.
- Engineers should be objective, truthful, and unbiased. 
- Engineers should not express opinions in areas they are not qualified in,
- Engineers should not associate with anyone or anything that is unethical



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Dynamics


http://intro1201.blogspot.com/2015/03/dynamics.html


A car drives for one hour at 60 miles/hour.  How far has it gone?

change in position = (average velocity)* (change in time) = (60 miles/hours)*(1 hour) = 60 miles.

Think about the graphs & how they relate to one another.

position vs. time graph → velocity = slope = ds/dt = change in position / change in time

Velocity vs. time graph →position =  vel * time = (mph*hours = miles) = area under curve

Velocity vs. time graph → acceleration = dV/dt = change in velocity / change in time = slope of V-t line

Acceleration vs. time graph → adt = dv  (a = dv/dt), area under acceleration curve = change in velocity.


Given a position vs. time graph - can you sketch the shape of a velocity graph?

Given a velocity vs. time graph - could you sketch a position and acceleration graph?

Given an acceleration graph - can you sketch x(t) and v(t)?

Examples:





Practice - sketch in the general shape of the missing graphs:
 

1.


 2.


3.



If there are errors in your position vs. time data, what kinds of errors will you have in your velocity and acceleration data?  How do you fix these errors?

Ans: Don't look until you try it on your own!






 

Running Man simulation - practice X,V,a!

https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/moving-man
Turn all but one of the graphs off (click the "+" next to it), try to predict it, then turn the graphs back on to check your answer!  Drag the arrows next to velocity and acceleration, or just grab the running man and pull him around.



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Certification and Licensure:

http://intro1201.blogspot.com/2015/04/professional-registration-and-licensure.html
What is a PE?
List the steps for becoming a PE.

Meyer's and Macros:
What is your Meyer's personality type? what is the Meyer's personality type of someone in your team?  Why is it important to know someone's personality type?
http://intro1201.blogspot.com/2015/03/jung-meyers-typology-perrys-scheme.html

What are the two different ways of creating a Macro in excel?
http://intro1201.blogspot.com/2015/05/excel-vba.html

Can you read through a code similar to the Meyer's and explain what it is doing, and what it would output for a given input?

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Sub Button2_Click()
Dim Muppet As Variant

Range("B18").Value = "Your Personality type is:"

Dim Personality As Variant
ReDim Personality(1 To 4)


If Range("B6").Value > Range("B7").Value Then
Range("C19").Value = "E"
Else
Range("C19").Value = "I"
End If

If Range("B9").Value > Range("B10").Value Then
Range("D19").Value = "S"
Personality(1) = "S"
Else
Range("D19").Value = "N"
Personality(1) = "N"
End If

If Range("B12").Value > Range("B13").Value Then
Range("E19").Value = "T"
Else
Range("E19").Value = "F"
End If

If Range("B15").Value > Range("B16").Value Then
Range("F19").Value = "J"
Else
Range("F19").Value = "P"
End If

Range("B18").Value = "Your personality type is:"
Range("B21").Value = "Your Star Wars Character is:"
Range("B23").Value = "Your Harry Potter Character is:"
Range("B26").Value = "Your Lord of the Rings Character is:"
Range("B29").Value = "Your Star Trek Character is:"

'ISTJ
If Range("C19").Value = "I" And Range("D19").Value = "S" And Range("E19").Value = "T" And Range("F19").Value = "J" Then
Range("C20").Value = "The Duty FulFiller - Serious and quiet, interested in security and peaceful living. Extremely thorough, responsible, and dependable. Well-developed powers of concentration. Usually interested in supporting and promoting traditions and establishments. Well-organized and hard working, they work steadily towards identified goals. They can usually accomplish any task once they have set their mind to it. "
Range("C22").Value = "Owen Lars"
Range("C24").Value = "Severus Snape"
Range("C27").Value = "Aragorn"
Range("C30").Value = ""
End If

'ISTP
If Range("C19").Value = "I" And Range("D19").Value = "S" And Range("E19").Value = "T" And Range("F19").Value = "P" Then
Range("C20").Value = "The Mechanic - Quiet and reserved, interested in how and why things work. Excellent skills with mechanical things. Risk-takers who they live for the moment. Usually interested in and talented at extreme sports. Uncomplicated in their desires. Loyal to their peers and to their internal value systems, but not overly concerned with respecting laws and rules if they get in the way of getting something done. Detached and analytical, they excel at finding solutions to practical problems. "
Range("C22").Value = "Chewbacca"
Range("C24").Value = "Harry Potter"
Range("C27").Value = "Eowyn"
Range("C30").Value = ""
End If

'ISFJ
If Range("C19").Value = "I" And Range("D19").Value = "S" And Range("E19").Value = "F" And Range("F19").Value = "J" Then
Range("C20").Value = "The Nurturer- Quiet, kind, and conscientious. Can be depended on to follow through. Usually puts the needs of others above their own needs. Stable and practical, they value security and traditions. Well-developed sense of space and function. Rich inner world of observations about people. Extremely perceptive of other's feelings. Interested in serving others."
Range("C22").Value = "C-3PO"
Range("C24").Value = "Neville Longbottom"
Range("C27").Value = "Samwise"
Range("C30").Value = ""
End If

'ISFP
If Range("C19").Value = "I" And Range("D19").Value = "S" And Range("E19").Value = "F" And Range("F19").Value = "P" Then
Range("C20").Value = "The Artist - Quiet, serious, sensitive and kind. Do not like conflict, and not likely to do things which may generate conflict. Loyal and faithful. Extremely well-developed senses, and aesthetic appreciation for beauty. Not interested in leading or controlling others. Flexible and open-minded. Likely to be original and creative. Enjoy the present moment."
Range("C221").Value = "Bail Organa"
Range("C24").Value = "Rubeus Hagrid"
Range("C27").Value = "Legolas"
Range("C30").Value = ""
End If

'INFJ
If Range("C19").Value = "I" And Range("D19").Value = "N" And Range("E19").Value = "F" And Range("F19").Value = "J" Then
Range("C20").Value = "The Protector - Quietly forceful, original, and sensitive. Tend to stick to things until they are done. Extremely intuitive about people, and concerned for their feelings. Well-developed value systems which they strictly adhere to. Well-respected for their perserverence in doing the right thing. Likely to be individualistic, rather than leading or following. "
Range("C22").Value = "Obi-Wan Kenobi"
Range("C24").Value = "Remus Lupin"
Range("C27").Value = "Galadriel"
Range("C30").Value = ""
End If

'INTJ
If Range("C19").Value = "I" And Range("D19").Value = "N" And Range("E19").Value = "T" And Range("F19").Value = "J" Then
Range("C20").Value = "The Scientist - Independent, original, analytical, and determined. Have an exceptional ability to turn theories into solid plans of action. Highly value knowledge, competence, and structure. Driven to derive meaning from their visions. Long-range thinkers. Have very high standards for their performance, and the performance of others. Natural leaders, but will follow if they trust existing leaders. "
Range("C22").Value = "Palpatine"
Range("C24").Value = "Draco Malfoy"
Range("C27").Value = "Elrond"
Range("C30").Value = ""
End If

'INTP
If Range("C19").Value = "I" And Range("D19").Value = "N" And Range("E19").Value = "T" And Range("F19").Value = "P" Then
Range("C20").Value = "The Thinker - Logical, original, creative thinkers. Can become very excited about theories and ideas. Exceptionally capable and driven to turn theories into clear understandings. Highly value knowledge, competence and logic. Quiet and reserved, hard to get to know well. Individualistic, having no interest in leading or following others. "
Range("C22").Value = "Yoda"
Range("C24").Value = "Hermione Granger"
Range("C27").Value = "Gandalf"
Range("C30").Value = ""
End If

'INFP
If Range("C19").Value = "I" And Range("D19").Value = "N" And Range("E19").Value = "F" And Range("F19").Value = "P" Then
Range("C20").Value = "The Idealist - Quiet, reflective, and idealistic. Interested in serving humanity. Well-developed value system, which they strive to live in accordance with. Extremely loyal. Adaptable and laid-back unless a strongly-held value is threatened. Usually talented writers. Mentally quick, and able to see possibilities. Interested in understanding and helping people. "
Range("C22").Value = "Luke Skywalker"
Range("C24").Value = "Luna Lovegood"
Range("C27").Value = "Frodo"
Range("C30").Value = ""
End If

'ESTP
If Range("C19").Value = "E" And Range("D19").Value = "S" And Range("E19").Value = "T" And Range("F19").Value = "P" Then
Range("C20").Value = "The Doer - Friendly, adaptable, action-oriented. Doers who are focused on immediate results. Living in the here-and-now, they're risk-takers who live fast-paced lifestyles. Impatient with long explanations. Extremely loyal to their peers, but not usually respectful of laws and rules if they get in the way of getting things done. Great people skills."
Range("C22").Value = "Han Solo"
Range("C24").Value = "Ginny Weasley"
Range("C27").Value = "Gimli"
Range("C30").Value = ""
End If

'ESFP
If Range("C19").Value = "E" And Range("D19").Value = "S" And Range("E19").Value = "F" And Range("F19").Value = "P" Then
Range("C20").Value = "Wicket: The Performer - People-oriented and fun-loving, they make things more fun for others by their enjoyment. Living for the moment, they love new experiences. They dislike theory and impersonal analysis. Interested in serving others. Likely to be the center of attention in social situations. Well-developed common sense and practical ability. "
Range("C22").Value = "Wicket"
Range("C24").Value = "Fred and George Weasley"
Range("C27").Value = "Pippin"
Range("C30").Value = ""
End If

'ENFP
If Range("C19").Value = "E" And Range("D19").Value = "N" And Range("E19").Value = "F" And Range("F19").Value = "P" Then
Range("C20").Value = "Qui-Gon Jinn: The Inspirer - Enthusiastic, idealistic, and creative. Able to do almost anything that interests them. Great people skills. Need to live life in accordance with their inner values. Excited by new ideas, but bored with details. Open-minded and flexible, with a broad range of interests and abilities"
Range("C22").Value = "Qui-Gon Jinn"
Range("C24").Value = "Ron Weasley"
Range("C27").Value = "Arwen"
Range("C30").Value = ""
End If

'ENTP
If Range("C19").Value = "E" And Range("D19").Value = "N" And Range("E19").Value = "T" And Range("F19").Value = "P" Then
Range("C20").Value = "R2-D2: The Visionary - Creative, resourceful, and intellectually quick. Good at a broad range of things. Enjoy debating issues, and may be into one-up-manship. They get very excited about new ideas and projects, but may neglect the more routine aspects of life. Generally outspoken and assertive. They enjoy people and are stimulating company. Excellent ability to understand concepts and apply logic to find solutions. "
Range("C22").Value = "R2-D2"
Range("C24").Value = "Sirius Black"
Range("C27").Value = "Merry"
Range("C30").Value = ""
End If

'ESTJ
If Range("C19").Value = "E" And Range("D19").Value = "S" And Range("E19").Value = "T" And Range("F19").Value = "J" Then
Range("C20").Value = "Darth Vader: The Guardian - Practical, traditional, and organized. Likely to be athletic. Not interested in theory or abstraction unless they see the practical application. Have clear visions of the way things should be. Loyal and hard-working. Like to be in charge. Exceptionally capable in organizing and running activities. Good citizens who value security and peaceful living. "
Range("C22").Value = "Darth Vader"
Range("C24").Value = "Minerva McGonagall"
Range("C27").Value = "Boromir"
Range("C30").Value = ""
End If

'ESFJ
If Range("C19").Value = "E" And Range("D19").Value = "S" And Range("E19").Value = "F" And Range("F19").Value = "J" Then
Range("C20").Value = "Jar Jar Binks: The Caregiver - Warm-hearted, popular, and conscientious. Tend to put the needs of others over their own needs. Feel strong sense of responsibility and duty. Value traditions and security. Interested in serving others. Need positive reinforcement to feel good about themselves. Well-developed sense of space and function."
Range("C22").Value = "Jar Jar Binks"
Range("C24").Value = "Lily Evans-Potter"
Range("C27").Value = "Bilbo"
Range("C30").Value = ""
End If

'ENFJ
If Range("C19").Value = "E" And Range("D19").Value = "N" And Range("E19").Value = "F" And Range("F19").Value = "J" Then
Range("C20").Value = "Padme Amidala: The Giver - Popular and sensitive, with outstanding people skills. Externally focused, with real concern for how others think and feel. Usually dislike being alone. They see everything from the human angle, and dislike impersonal analysis. Very effective at managing people issues, and leading group discussions. Interested in serving others, and probably place the needs of others over their own needs. "
Range("C22").Value = "Padme Amidala"
Range("C24").Value = "Albus Dumbledore"
Range("C27").Value = "Faramir"
Range("C30").Value = ""
End If

'ENTJ
If Range("C19").Value = "E" And Range("D19").Value = "N" And Range("E19").Value = "T" And Range("F19").Value = "J" Then
Range("C20").Value = "Leia Organa: The Executive - Assertive and outspoken - they are driven to lead. Excellent ability to understand difficult organizational problems and create solid solutions. Intelligent and well-informed, they usually excel at public speaking. They value knowledge and competence, and usually have little patience with inefficiency or disorganization. "
Range("C22").Value = "Leia Organa"
Range("C24").Value = "James Potter"
Range("C27").Value = "Theoden"
Range("C30").Value = ""
End If


End Sub

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Engineering societies:
What are the advantages of joining an engineering society?
Can you list some of the ENGr societies that are out there?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_engineering_societies


Last questions on test, start thinking about your answer now!

What did you like most about 1201?
What can we do to improve 1201 in future semesters?


Email me / call me if you need help understanding or studying for any of it, I hope you've had fun!!






Transistors




Computers start with Silicon:


Over 90% of the Earth's crust is composed of silicate minerals, making silicon the second most abundant element in the Earth's crust (about 28% by mass) after oxygen.

 


Has 4 electrons free to bond with other atoms:

Si all on its own:



Silicon can be alloyed with Boron and Phosphorus atoms to create positive or negatively charged material:





Diode:

Put "P" and "N" material together → create depletion zone along border↓

Supply electrons to n side →create smaller depletion zone allowing electrons to cross through P side↓


Supply electrons to P side→ increase size of depletion zone, makes it impossible for current to pass through ↓


Diode = one way gate

What happens if you put two diodes together?  N-P-N?


↑You end up with two depletion zones↑

If you try to pass a current through it?



A large depletion zone will build up on one side or another that does not allow the current to flow.


Change where you hook up the battery:
Just acts like a diode - current flows, and no large depletion zones are created: ↓



Add a second LARGER voltage source - electrons can pass through the entire NPN junction, most electrons will be sucked towards the larger potential, so the small signal coming into the center has been amplified.





Nothing applied to the center = no flow of electrons:

Small voltage applied to center = small voltage is amplified




Emitter - emits electrons
Base - opens path if a potential is applied
Collector - + side of NPN junction


Use this as a switch


"Emitter Follower" gate 


Boolean Logic/Algebra
value of the variables = true & false, or 1 and 0 respectively.

Think about how you could add transistors together to create:
















83KB document = 83*1024 = 84,992 bytes
8bytes/letter
84992/8=10,624 letters (not counting formatting information etc.)


































Example Technical Paper

The exact format for technical reports vary from company to company - but you should at least be familiar with some basic tools in word, and general formats.  

Start with: 

  • Title, 
  • names of authors, 
  • the institution, 
  • date   

Some reports require an entire title page, others just a header - usually the above information will be needed though.

for 1201 → list the contributions of everyone in your group.

example title page:

Font: Times New Roman, 12 pt or something similar.  
Margins: 1" bottom, 1" right
Page numbers:
insert → page number→top, right

Click next to the page number, and look through options in the deign tab.  Add the title of your report as a page header by typing it in, and then hitting tab to get it to the corner.


Select "Different First Page" in the design tab to hide the header in the first page.  




Hit "Esc" to exit out of the header.  Double click on the header to quickly edit it.

Type in a few sections without worrying about formatting yet:

Introduction, Methods and equip, etc.  
Once you have some text in there, right click on home→Heading 1→Modify


Headings should be black (so it can be photocopied) and bold.  

Select "New documents based on this template" if you would like to save these settings for future papers.  

Next, highlight a section name, and click "Heading 1"
Highlight the first section again, and select a numbering system.



right click on Heading 2→modify→choose the same font, bold, black color, etc.


Use numbered sections and subsections - just highlight your subsection, and click "Heading 2"



Figures
Cut and paste them in, then add a figure caption

right click on your figure → add caption→numbering→include chapter #'s


Your figure # will automatically update if you change heading numbers or rearrange anything.  Include a short description under each figure:


All figures should be cross-referenced within the text.  Cross references will also automatically update!

Insert → Cross Reference →reference type figure

Insert→equation



Add an equation number:
Reference→Insert Caption→Equ→numbering→


Cross reference your equations inside the text:

New equations will be numbered correctly as you continue to add them into your document.

Notice everything highlighted in yellow:


Each of the symbols in your equations should be clearly explained, and the use of each equation outlined.  

Tables are labeled above the table, while figures and graphs are labeled below.  Equations are labeled to the side.

Reference→add caption→Table→numbering→etc. as before.
Keep the same caption format throughout document.


Create histograms in excel - organize your data in tables and charts in order of largest to smallest, or smallest to largest.  

All charts should have titles, and labeled axes.


Click on the chart, then "+" or paintbrush etc. to format it. 

Use the snipping tool (don't cut and paste) to create a jpeg out of the chart, and bring it into word.  Use "Figure" captions for charts and graphs.

References:
Use at least 3 or 4!  
When you talk about it in the text, leave a little superscript number that corresponds to the reference section using "Insert Endnote"





Just for fun - end by adding a table of contents!
Click on a line after your title page, and before your introduction
References→Table of Contents



Split this work up - don't let one person assemble it all!!






If you get used to using these tools, it will make all of the labs and reports you do in the future much easier.  I wish I had all of these tools when I was first writing up reports!!!  (It's a real pain to go back and re-number everything by hand after you change something!!)